【非限制性定语从句引导词有哪些】在英语语法中,非限制性定语从句是用来对先行词进行补充说明的从句,它与主句之间通常用逗号隔开,不能用“that”来引导。这类从句提供额外信息,但不会影响主句的完整意义。因此,了解非限制性定语从句的引导词对于正确理解和使用英语句子至关重要。
一、非限制性定语从句的引导词总结
以下是一些常见的非限制性定语从句引导词,它们可以指代人或物,并在从句中充当一定的成分(如主语、宾语等):
| 引导词 | 指代对象 | 在从句中的成分 | 示例 |
| who | 人 | 主语 | My brother, who lives in Shanghai, is coming. |
| whom | 人 | 宾语 | The teacher, whom we all respect, is leaving. |
| whose | 人/物 | 所有格 | My friend, whose car was stolen, is upset. |
| which | 物 | 主语/宾语 | The book, which I bought yesterday, is very interesting. |
| as | 人/物 | 主语/宾语 | He is the same person as he was before. |
| where | 地点 | 状语 | Beijing, where I was born, is a beautiful city. |
| when | 时间 | 状语 | The day, when we met, will always be remembered. |
二、引导词使用注意事项
1. 不能使用 that:非限制性定语从句不能用“that”引导,否则会变成限制性从句。
2. 逗号分隔:非限制性定语从句前必须用逗号与主句隔开。
3. 关系代词和关系副词:根据先行词的性质(人、物、时间、地点等),选择合适的引导词。
4. 语义补充:非限制性定语从句提供的信息是附加的,即使去掉也不会影响主句的完整性。
三、常见错误对比
| 正确表达 | 错误表达 | 原因 |
| The house, which is old, is being renovated. | The house that is old is being renovated. | “that”引导的是限制性从句,而原句为非限制性。 |
| My sister, who is a doctor, works in a hospital. | My sister that is a doctor works in a hospital. | 同上,非限制性不能用“that”。 |
| The time, when we arrived, was late. | The time when we arrived was late. | 非限制性从句需加逗号,且“when”可作为关系副词引导。 |
通过掌握这些非限制性定语从句的引导词及其使用规则,我们可以更准确地构建和理解复杂的英语句子结构,提升语言表达的准确性和自然度。


